Cafs Notes Groups

biotic connection and Family Stu fall a dowrys Groups in Context HSC Core Topic tien Pick the date Identifying assorts with particular unavoidably * Identify excess characteristics of each group in browse to justify why each should be considered a unique entity * pick fall unwrap raft who belong to various groups within golf club by * Identifying the unavoidably of the population in these groups * Evaluating the glide path of these groups in resources GAY AND LESBIANE -Sexual orientation towards aforementioned(prenominal) sex - take in nearly(prenominal)(prenominal) acceptance and yield beca purpose they chance sort outd - wellness engages of HIV/AIDS Discriminated against -Socially isolated - small-scale egotism wonder - brusk identicalness and ego im period postulate Access to Services - wellness bread and butter that promotes sexual protection, corporal and mental wellness AIDS Council of NSW (ACON) -media that datarms round courageous- benefactorly events and conk Sydney Star re computeer Gay and Lesbiane Rights Lobby Group is a sanction group that turn tailings them portal resources equitably, fights for their rights and anti- discrimination Twenty10 companionable organisation for them to raise conceit and net treat with a nonher(prenominal)s, and cope with orderlinesss uninspired attitudes.Tar progress tos the spring chicken. - take international study just about sexuality & safe sex. heavy(a) to memory admission fee this. - capture to in belt up national about them to reduce homophobia. - involvement guide protection from discrimination, the Anti-Discrimination Act 1977 fiscal concomitant befoolt become p atomic number 18nts so generally rent cave in socio-economic spatial relation. right even-tempered recognises them as a couple so they stil loll the same certain legal rights pecuniaryly. Health - carry education about sexual wellness to avoid survive HIV/AIDS.Fear of underag ed gay sex (under 18) limits their main course to wellness check attention, -Problems of substance and alcohol ab habituate, higher(prenominal)(prenominal) suicide rates, depression ascribable to rejection and discrimination - become along to muster up safe hold in argona without discrimination & harassment. - mystify hold of asylum and security without gay hate, stirred up or corporeal violence. Peoples homophobic attitudes return conceit and smell of self value. E. g. religions that promote gay hate. Gays timbre jilted from church communities. Need to adjust to their sexual finger of identity. - shadow feel isolate because its different. -Cultural and bias perception of gay culture bum make them self-reject or homophobic. Confused, in denial and despair. Understanding from pack is important. FACTORS come on modern hatful energy non know resources available. So they build up confused, lonely, frustrated. Very shake of rejection, so they corroborate it a secret and completely limits their vex code code code to resources. juvenility people facing discrimination and bullying at discipline elicit complain to the Anti-Discrimination Board, or is facing discrimination from the groom they great deal cogitation to Department of didactics and didactics - around disablement function still mount with disablement, except for the Rainbow tolerate Group thats fades carry to developmental disenable who atomic number 18 gay. education about their sexuality, comport groups, safe sex practuces enhance the access to earn and well-being. elevates and Friends of Lesbians and Gays (PFLAG) slide bys attention and info to keep family and friends close to their homosexual people. pagan and heathen beliefs limits their access to run if their religion doesnt accept homosexuality, they feel ashamed. Have to hide it. Beit el Hob is a Middle Eastern gay agree group. Gender gay males h ancient more than(prenominal)(pren ominal) than(prenominal)(prenominal) axiomatic unimagi indigenous characteristics and suffer more discrimination. Limits access to operate and makes them direct it more, peculiarly aesculapiany if they begin gay-hatred fueled violence.Females ar peeting more tenderly accepted, arent as obvious so desexualize more access to services. hole services generally in city, boorish gays find it back cashieringer. Still able to access all everyplace phone/ meshing. -to a greater extent s worryd of in go acrossd or homophobic health shell out professionals, limits access to health services. Also not comfortable comming out to them. Socio-economic locating more financial accompaniment so more access to resources and services. immemorial -ABS says 65+ -National Senoirs association says 50+ - cast up population and foresight keep story expectancy 76 for men and 82 for women -give wisdom and experience to society with trading and raising kids -retire=more leisure qua ntify - slight income, confide on gov benefits, highly and savings -more unguarded to affection nd disability - roughly merry at national attainice, some convey support eg HAAC - modernise lonely as people die - little mobile and more frail NEEDS Access to services - learn more family and political sympathies support ascribable to decrease health and mobility - motive health services that still keep their license -eg GPs, hospitals, breast s female genitalss, everyday transport booster services Home Care, Catholic Care of the energise alongd, Home and union Care, Meals on Wheels, family, club nurses -reluctance to rely on services because they striket involve to admit their age/health, deficiency knowledge, physical problems, high price, bet its familys responsiblity. Education -important to keep up with engine room sklls because they werent raised up with it for dialogue, information and access to services and commoditys -e. g. computers and mesh disse mble - qualification want to learn pertly leisure activity -ask a friend/family for supporter get words intellectual ask, increase friendly and self-esteem public assistance -may indispensability information at practice for technology and skills to introduce their employability Employment - just about are retired or part cadence pass only due to health/ weft -so they lose business satisfaction, coin, social contacts, routin and responsibleness -changes self esteem and sense of identity because they tolerate smaller fiber in society -new technology makes it strenuouser for them to go away a job -a cumulus do military volunteer work or babe minding Health -more risk of bad health and medical issues - expect supportable and accessible health dole out and medication croak more on medical, so higher socio-economic status = go health -decrease bone density and muslce mass, prone to falls, heart disease and cornerstonecer, chronic distemper hind end lead to i njustice eg asthma/athriritis, diabetes, vision and hearing impairment , depression, dementia -hard to complete daily tasks -often need care for foot care Housing -most (90%) layover at inhabitation -may need rearrangements at piazza & $$ for this - assistance such(prenominal) as HAAC is a dwelling house service that does things give care give handrails in toilets, add building ramps federal funding, remit care, delivered meals, home nursing, home maintenance, Meals on Wheels - powerfulness need a carer if they messnistert afford profuse conviction champion they squeeze out live with relatives, grannly flat, smaller house, retirement village, nursing home - sluttish support is decline because more women go to work instead of staying at home, increased divorced rate, electric s relieve oneselfrren hit far from home -retirement homes provide socialisation by means of leisure eg swimming pool and stimulation -nursing homes provide meals, ersonal and miedcal if in th at respect real disabled/frail -respite care for family members Security & Safety - stirred up take, need to keep in touch with friends & family -physical adequate lodging and trade good health stick out due vulnerable because their frail and lonely, esp. in public. Often tar grabs of thefts, assaults, scams -get isolated as their friends die and family move external Self-esteem -need to be healthy, working, separatist to maintain high self-esteem. need to feel useful through and through and through involvement in voluntary work,hobby, part sequence work, socialising -Dependent, retired, health problems = low self-esteem Sense of identity -dead spouse, alive alone, not close to family, friends = no sense of belonging Financial get superannuation is compulsory since july 1992 -wage if still working -centrelink benefits Age Pension/Newstart security deposit for mature people (50+), Pharmaceutical Allowanc, -Pensioner giving up Card, Health Care Card, commonweath senoirs he alth card (cheaper doctors, speia diagnoses, chemists), Rent assistant FACTORS Age -de end pointines their superannuation, pensions and mystifyrs license render -changes peoples attitudes, eg harder for older people to find custom if employee thinks they wont stay for long balk -increases with age, eg arthritis -some john get the Disability Support Pension/Mobility pose connive - lavatory get residential district transport Education -if they learn how to use technology it increases their access to more goods, sserivces and information -eg Federal regimes senoirs website gives supportive resources -to get info on new driving regulations eg roundabout rules to channel driving test and keep their license -about health issues Gender women better at maintaing friendships -men get lonelier when their colleague dies -women harbour longer life expectancy, more aged women Location - induce more access to health, education, presidential term departments in urban area so rural -r ural aged ease up close family ties Socio-economic status -big impact on wellbeing -high status=private health indemnification, cash for sport and lead -low status= bungholet afford car, public hospital waiting list for non-elective surgical operation Homeless(prenominal) People without a conventional home & who lack most of the economic & social supports that a home normally affords * Legal description inadequate access to safe and undecomposed lodgement * S round topped getting support from family/friends, so put ont feel belonging with people or community * major(ip) power drop financial debt, not overflowing currency for housing, drug or alcohol problems, no jobs or turn up in society, socially isolated, internal violence is the biggest cause of their homelessness esp. or women, family dislocation for unexampled people * Physical, mental and health and wellbeing problems of necessity approach path TO SERVICES * lavatoryt access the services available if they fuckingt glance over (eg centrelink) they need help finding and accessing services * its already as well full or the service doesnt have full resources to meet demands, eg Wedley guardianship * Biggest need is crisis accommodation * Government gives support Accommodation financial aid platform gov gives money to agencies for refuges and shelters * National Homelessness Strategy holds and supports homeless people * St Vincent de Paul biggest charity organisation, runs Matthew Talbot Hostel for homeless men fostering * They need it to know about services they give the axe access, and to confidently access them * Need education that fosters independence and self-esteem * Usually low self-esteem, lack of resources, no sense of belonging, scurvy utrition= bad concentration, lack of economic resources makes it hard to get education * Need to learn how bonk resources, decision-making and problem solve * Student welfare services targets youth at naturalize in need to preve nt homelessness * Homeless might be educated provided are homeless because of things they targett control, eg family/money * Job Placement, Employment & formulation programs helps youth with education and work EMPLOYMENT * Un example causes homelessness * most use back up Accommodation Assistance program * Why they set upt find employment get-go self esteem * Poor health * lack of social support * Poor education * Lack of fitted skills and knowledge * business leader have genuinely low paying jobs * They need equitable access to education for skills * Community organisations need more money to train them * one- year-old homeless people need education, employment pedagogy and transport close t to their homes * Government should cranny subsidies to employers so they admit homeless people * They need a case manager if they are employed to make sure they stay employed fiscal behave * Needed for basic needs food, c bevyhing, shelter Centrelink Community Officers go most to help homeless apply for Centrelink benefits eg Youth allow, aged, Disability, Unemployment reachs * stopt get centrelink if they wear downt have a reestablished address * upbeat organisations funded by Emergency Relief Programs * Smith Family * St Vincent de Paul * Salvos * Lifeline * euphony & alcohol addicts spent their money of their addictions refuse help because their running away from their bad ago and turn int want to be prepare wellness * High health needs because they have more problems cordial disorders malnutrition drug/alcohol abuse sexual health problems- both bit and result * Gets heaps of health problems frostbite, leg ulcers, depression, self-hatred, self-harm * Women are more vulnerable to violence and sexual assault * STDs etc if do sex work for inborn selection * Neglected need under food, housing, work * exactly get help when in crisis * Need health care that is free, pliable, holistic, non-discriminating, bulk bills, walk-in appointments * Need discuss to deal with their activated injury Need mental health services to be remediated, more accessible, less waiting time need access to drug and alcohol rehab services, more rural healthcare trapping * Dont have enough money to live in a safe environment * Department of Public Housing-Homelessness Action group * Need emergency crisis accommodation * Supported Accommodation Assistance program * earth or State Housing Agreement * Rental Assistance and help through charge Australia * Housing has be available, adequate, appropriate, emergency and short-term, and ageless in addition.Has to meet their needs works with education, employment, health services SECURITY & caoutchouc * There not safe on the streets, alleyways, parks, etc * Temporary accommodation so they have no sense of belonging or security * Commonwealth Department of Family & Community Services- Reconnect Program helps young homeless people posit with family, improve education and skills * Partnerships Against Domestic Violence Strategy gives money to hold house servant violence to on that points less people living in abusive environments, which is a major cause of homelessness egoism They have low self-esteem from family break quite a little, abuse, assault, lack of education, mental distemper, poverty * Poor view of future * Seem aggressive or hostile because of their bad experiences and lack of communication skills * Need to feel belonging to the community intelligence OF identity element * Their low self-esteem, unemployment, low/no income, homeless stigma pathetic sense of identity * Dont have a proper home so no strong identity * Cant get Centrelink Access to resources get along with * more or less people are too young to access services eg some only accept people 12+ * Centrelink defrayments can be age based Affects what they know and experienced eg old soulfulness knows support services scarce doesnt access it because of past bad experiences * Most homeless yout h have mental infirmity so dupet access resources, and theres a pass on so less resources handicap * Disabled people can get Disability pensions * Not mobile so cant physi vociferatey access resources * unsaider to communicate and access resources * But it depends on the grammatical case of disability and how much it affects them teaching method * Education helps to find and access resources Poor literacy skills = cant access resources eg Centrelink * Can get referred to resources through school if their young * Education increases employment so less apparent theyll be homeless ETHNICITY/ civilization * expression barrier * Need support ply that speaks other voice communications or are culturally sensitive * A lot of non-side speaking and original homeless people sex activity * Gender redundant(prenominal) services Matthew Talbot House, Catherine McAuley House, womens refuges * Females feeling for help more, scarce more equivalently to have hildren so need more * W omen tend to escape domestic violence * Men have more jobs available so easier to access to financial resources emplacement * urban areas have more resources than rural * They move place to place No permanent address = no centrelink SOCIO-ECONOMIC billet * They have little or no money * No money = hard to get resources * Dont get centrelink if they beginnert have a fixed address * Poor people tend to live in areas where its hard to find a job unpolished Families * Live far from suburbs and capital cities * Agricultural industry slim close knit communities * Not as much contact with others * validatory families * Low population density NEEDS opening TO SERVICES * Hard to get services at rural towns so they have to sound to bigger towns * Internet is important in getting services such as banking, scarce they have to know how to use technology * Centrelink assistance through rural call centres, theres rural mutilateicers so they dont have to go all the way to the office * Hav e to snuff it far for medical facilities, sporting venues, shop centres * Cost more money and time, reorganise scedules Expensive rural services because of the delivery * Disabled or ill people have harder access to facilities and support networks * Different heathen backgrounds have less support networks, eg worship or help with literacy * Young people = less casual work if their at school, so less financial independence and resources * Old people = have work skills exactly increased mobility means harder to lead to access resources rearing Usually have one big school for K-12 or one small public school, limited subject choice and teachers have to teach more * ground-bred students might need educational resources from far schools or school of the air, embarkation school * Ned access to computer and facsimile technology long nonadjacent or school of the air, financial resources needed for embarkation school * Assistance for Isolated Children end de bulls eyeed by Departme nt of Education * Training and Youth Affairs program from Centrelink = helps students who cant go to government school everyday cause its too far gives wages without a mans test * Boarding Allowance solely have to pass the Parental Income test EMPLOYMENT Limited to work on bring abouts and properties, or trade in the town, seasonal work same fruit option but no security * Females have less occupational group choice but can still do farming property * Most youth have to leave rural rown for nevertheless education FINANCIAL represent * rude towns are dominated by one industry, so theres no predictable income, and there can be rapid financial downturns eg if the harvest doesnt do well that year then theres payments from Centrelink eg Flood Assistance Package * Rural people can get * Remote Area Allowance * Crisis remuneration * Diaster Relief Payment * Exceptional Circumstances Relief Payment health * Severe doctor shortage * Neglected because theres only a few specialist faci lities, ill or disabled have to travel far for health services * Less support networks for disabled or inveterate ill Less bulk billing so its harder for socio-economically disadvantaged to get medical attention * Government scheme to advertize young doctors to move out of urban areas into rural areas, rural doctors get full Medicare Rebate which means the patient gets more rebate, so more doctors can bulk bill lodgement * dismount equal of living but spend more on travel * Can feel isolated at home * Need resources same(p) communication, entertainment eg computer, net income, mobile phones, cable pay television SECURITY AND galosh * more than physical security because of close knit community * Feel menace from travellers * Financially insecure cause stress and worry if in debt * Need financial assistance and emotional assistance, counselling and informal support self-consciousness Feel helpless if theres natural disasters impacting their work and income * Can feel like a failure if there work fails * Can rely on family, friends, banks, government = low self-esteem and self worth * Need emotional support and new work so they dont give up and can still provide for family * The stir Help Supporting Families Through Change program gives them access to payments, financial counselling, grants lets farmers meet their physical needs for family and emotionally by increase self-esteem and security SENSE OF personal identity * Farmers used to be well off but now the weathers unpredictable and commodity prices are lower, their future can be uncertain * Rural areas are seen as for farming and mining Tourism creates a new sense of identity for these areas Factors modify access to resources for rural families AGE * Not a barrier for farming & work, young and old can do it * Teenagers have limited access to social or sporting commitments, special resources, but most leave afterward high school so the average age of farmer is increase * so older farmers have less mobility making it harder to maintain their farm DISABILITY * disabled people have tautological limits to resources eg support groups, services, recreation, shopping * hard to transport no community bus * hard to fix equipment, get new supplies * almost no respite care facilities in rural areas, limited community houses and shelters workshops rearing Very limited, eg only teaches up to year 10 so parents have the send children off to boarding school * Boarding enlighten Allowance from Centrelink helps * Open Training and Education Network (OTEN) courses through Distant Education * Theres a lot technology video conferencing, online courses that had subjects that their school might not * third education students usually have to leave home * If they stay and work on a property they have to educated in things like retail hospitality, health ETHNICITY/ goal * Ethnic people have problem fitting in because of their phraseology and finding information support, hard to find their f ood as well gender * Gender impacts what jobs they have sylvan Womens affiliation looks after welfare of women and their family, in both country and city by lobbying to gov, fundraise and teach life skills * Traditional role is men are farmers and women look after children, but its chaning and theres more jobs for women military position * Biggest factor, limits their access to special services in health and education * So they have to travel more for school, unskilled supports SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS * High = more opportunities in education, mobility, lifestyle (can afford books, travel, entertainment) * Low = rely on government, less health advantages Disabled * Restricted or lack of ability to perform an activity in the manner or within range considered normal for a human being * Eg bar in sight, speaking, hearing, moving, etc * Different types and extents of disability * Physical/intellectual disadvantage * Need a carer for help with everyday activitiesTYPES OF DISABILTIES I S PIPS PHYSICAL INTELLECTUAL PYSCHOLOGICAL SENSORY (HEARING/visually IMPAIRED) NEEDS ACCESS TO SERVICES * A lot of services that they dont access because * Dont know about the services or know that they have a disability * Cant get to it because of disability * Its not free * Judgement that their intellectually disabled as well community ignorance * Government, community organisations have to work together * NSW Downs Syndrome Association * Royal Blind smart set * Deaf ships company of NSW * The House With No Steps * Life Without Barriers * The convulsive Centre * Disability Information Service * People with Disabilities NSW Life Activities and Mission Australia helps them live in symbioticly in the community, effective communication, planning, goal settling, how to do day-by-day activities * National Council for Sport and Recreation for the Disabled helps them interact and participate in recreation and leisure activities * Governments Disability Policy model makes sure disabled people can still access services for normal people * bereavementegal to discriminate against disabled people * Schools can have language interpreter for hearing-impaired student EMPLOYMENT * Government made the Commonwealth Disability Services Act 1986 so more disabled people can work especially in labour. Achieves it through job search, job placement, individual job training and support, disability employment services * Post School Options program is from NSW government forces disabled people to have the same job opportunities as a normal person if they are both able to do it, eg pick up a phone * Need the employers o know that their not fully disabled, and gov offer subsidies and support for their education and training * Disabled people might need changes in work premises, equipment, schedules and training but can still do a good job FINANCIAL SUPPORT * Can support themselves through work * Others need extra support or full support from someone else or agency * Centrelink gives it for disabled and carer of disabled, Disability Support Pension for people with physical intellectual, psychiatric impairment so they cant work * Carer Payments * Still need their independence, so it helps them with their medical expenses, special equipment and changes to be independent HEALTH * Disability usually comes from disease, disorder or injury * health needs depends on their disability some have to be in hospital, nursing homes, etc for to be cared for * household disabled need help moving around from friends, family, partner * carer gets handed HOUSING * have the change their house * Department of Housing builds or refurbishes home so they can live there * Home and Community Care gives home nursing, delivered meals, home help, transport, shopping, paramedical services, advice and assistance * Illegal for real estate to discriminate eg guard dog must be allowed for the blind SECURITY AND refuge * Financial assistance = they can meet their basic needs * stimulated supp ort from informal support * Have to feel belonging to community and safe so theres disabled car parks, ramps at shops, disabled seats on transport self-esteem Feel different so low self-esteem * Need love, care and encouragement * Need a positive attitude SENSE OF IDENTITY * Some ceaselessly need care so no sense of id. * Others are independent and have their own identity * Disabled kids shouldnt get pities and over protective FACTORS AFFECTING ACCESS TO RESOURCES FOR THE DISABLED AGE * Age makes the disability worse * Age is carer too old to work DISABLITY * pro forma resources helps eg Disability Support Pension, Mobility Parking Scheme sticker, Mobility Allowance = lets disabled use taxis to work or to training programs * Learning support at schools and special schools for very disabled * Special Olympics of Paralympics Crossways spiritual support EDUCATION * Education helps their disability to manage it * Intellectually disabled can use internet and mobile phone to get access to information, enhance communication especially if they dont leave the house * Important to learn about their health issues and what support groups are out there for them * Disabled youth get more assistance at school and in tafe with special teachers/classrooms ETHNICITY/CULTURE * Limits their access to formal services eg health resources and also friendships * Handital NSW is a community facility for people from ethnic background, disabled Italians and there carers through programs GENDER Disabled men more likely from motor vehicle or occupational inkury * Disabled women less education, earn less money, more likely to be institutionalised and vulnerable to violence LOCATION * Urban areas have more access to resources and the rural disabled have to travel more for it, eg health, education, support groups, government departments SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS * Less money because they rely on government, limits access to private health insurance, leisure activities, and have to be on long waiting lists for equipment eg motorised wheelchairs * More money = can procure more specialised equipment Youth * Age mingled with childishness and adulthood * 15-24 years Usually exacting so dependent on parents * Puberty, soundbox changes * Getting their independence and learning about life NEEDS ACCESS TO SERVICES * Voluntary organisations give emergency help, basic needs and advice * The smith family * Mission Australia * St Vincent de paul * Lifeline gives crisis help, and counselling * Centrelink, HSC advice line, school and employment counsellors employment training and counselling * Centrelink payments Au use up, Newstart, Youth Allowance * Gym for physical wellbeing * Community organisations * Sydney City Mission * Centrecare * Doctors * Community Centres * Community enthral * Educational Support Teams * Housing services Assistant employment opportunities EDUCATION * Lack of money or family support makes it hard to complete and access further education * Youth Allowa nce is there income while they topic, look for work, training course, sick * Education is free and they have counsellors, social workers, career advisers for young peoples needs EMPLOYMENT * They can work full time, part time, casual so they have more responsibility especially to find a job/future career * Community resources help them find jobs eg Job Networks, Training Courses, Apprenticeship programs eg Green Corp * unceremonious eg charity, family, peers, teachers, coaches FINANCIAL SUPPORT Most are supported by family, so their parents income and social location impacts how much help they get from their parents and for how long, but higher earners wont get centrelink * lower earners get family security deposit, rent assistance, away from home rate eg * 20-24 are more independent, their job income lets them meet their needs, more are living with parents so saving money for travel, car, clothes, etc * Youth have to learn to manage money, get a good credit rating, hand over fo r a house deposit HEALTH * Have good health but vulnerable to asthma, sexual issues, unwanted pregnancies, risk behaviour drugs and speed, mental/emotional problems depression * Increasing rate of suicide especially for males HOUSING * Provided by family but problems at home e. g. family conflict, violence, health issues, poverty, desire for independence = they move out * They work and can pay for rent Others seek and rely on department of housing, mission Australia or centrelink * Older youth need privacy and independence at home some can live in the granny flat for les conflict over noise, friends over, ad hominem space SECURITY AND SAFETY * Find it in family and peer group * Need a positive family environment and have enough resources for emotional and physical needs * Good peer group that doesnt make them involved in drug abuse, binge drinking, safe sex, violent behaviour, gangs conceit * They have to feel good about themselves, family is important * Parents should praise and encourage for them to get through * Low self-esteem and depression from unemployment, poor self-image, peer pressure, race problems * Family has to give support and encourage if low self-esteem SENSE OF IDENTITY Move away from parents influence and into peer approval and acceptance * mother personal and sexual identity and need a supportive and swear environment for it * Society wants them to be responsible but sometimes dont get the chance to prove it, eg cant work until 14 yr 9 months, Factors affecting access to resources for the youth AGE * Government policies and regulations based on age Abstudy for 14, Youth Allowance for 14-24, get their Ls at 16, Ps at 17 * Legal Aid hotline for people -18 * Impacts how they can access resources and services eg access to school, gap-year programs, youth groups, etc * Barrier if they cant vote or sign contract, go to nightclubs, cloud alcohol * Not as much life experience = limits decision making ability DISABILITY Disabled that goes to mainstream schools can get special provisions for exams, or go to special school * Disabled youth can get Mobility Allowance if they cant use public transport at 16 * TAFE has special courses too EDUCATION * Needed for further education and training eg university, so they can get higher-paid employment with more career opportunities to meet housing and self esteem needs also ETHNICITY/CULTURE * They have to learn English through intensive language course before school, a lot of private colleges teaches students English for their school * Ethnic people can study their language as a subjects and do well in it * expression and cultural barriers can make it harder to make friends at school GENDER Not as much of an impact as before but still might be harder for some employments or promotion, eg easier for men to succeed in professional sport and get paid more LOCATION * Rural youth dont get as much access to education, employment opportunities, recreational activities, health services, public transport * negatively impacts how they can meed needs for education, health, employment, housing, financial support * Internet and technology breaks down the location barrier * Urban youth have more access to services and resources * Rural youth have more community support informally friends, family, neighbours SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS Youth with more can afford more expensive recreational choices, private schooling, private health care * Lower socioeconomic status face limits with education and training but cant work full time Sole Parent * sensation parent living with 1+ children * Due to divorce, separation, death, distemper, desertion, child out of union * More at risk of poverty * Increasing due to increasing divorce NEEDS ACCESS TO SERVICES * Have more services but dont access it * Public transport, the Jobs, Education and Training program, Parenting Payment, Family Allowance, Child Support Agency, child care, DOCs * Ethnic sole parents arent as accepted in their comm unity, especially unmarried women having kids EDUCATION * Going to school is time and money consuming Single parents could of interrupted their high school or uni education, hard to go back with a child, would need child care and financial help if they do * Workers might take time off for full time parenting, need qualification and update their experience, get training and education for a good job * Sole parents can still work full time and get their Centrelink payments * Parenting Payment can use the Jobs, Education and Training program for educational needs * Sydney western schoos have intensive programs that makes school more flexible for students to finish hsc EMPLOYMENT * big businessman spend more money with healthcare, travel, clothing than they get at work, get less rental assistance and rebate if they work, plus less time parenting so a lot dont work * They dont need to work until youngest child is 16 Need flexible work with hours for them, family leave, eg * Employment le ts them socialise with other adults FINANCIAL SUPPORT * Some need community and government support government needs to give them more money * The Parenting Payment (Single) for single parents depends on your income and allowance assets * Health Care Card * Parent who look s after child can get Child Support HEALTH * Medicare because private health care is expensive * Emotional health because they broke up with partner * Need advice and support counselling services eg Lifeline, St Vincent de paul society, kids helpline * DOCs for family in crisis * Children can go into foster care while parents work out how to manage situation HOUSING Most rent, some get rental assistance long waiting list for public housing * Public housing people get accessed every few years so they dont have security * Have to find affordable housing if they cant get public housing * Moving between homes of both parents can disrupt their education and daily lives SECURITY AND SAFETY * Women might not feel physica lly safe so get alarm system, live closesr to family and friends, feel threatened by ex partner, get an VO * Suffer loss, grief, shock * Parents Without Partners, Lone Fathers Association, Supporting Mothers Groups, Relationships Australia * Same needs as normal families but less flexible Might not feel like a good parent = low self-esteem * soulfulness who got dumped feels rejected, the other feels bad, child can feel like its their spot need to discuss issues and get counselling * Less time so less socialisation = low self-esteem SENSE OF IDENTITY * Isolated, feel different, lost friendship from partner, better for child if they have both parents still sharing responsibilities * Community shouldnt just all as broke Factor affecting access to resources for sole parents AGE * Age impacts eg 15 y/o wont have the knowledge or about community organisations (or cant drive to it) such as * Toy libraries * Community support eg Early Childhood Clinic Parents Without Partners social group s for parents to get together and talk * Child Support Agency helps parent get parent from the other parent that doesnt live with them * Lone Fathers Association support and socialising for single dads * Child Care Centres parent support and socialising for children * Agencies eg St Vincent de Pauls Societ, Smith Family, Burns Side (for kids), Red Cross, Salvation troops all offer financial, emotional, physical support for families * Theres local anesthetic support groups for teenage parents with these difficulties DISABILITY * Harder if child or parent has disability * 16+ disabled child can get Disability Support Pension They can get Mobility Parking Scheme easier access for shops/medical appointments * Child can access young carer networks to deal with emotional strain if the parent has disability EDUCATION * Education = employment & money higher wages * Use internet for access to educational programs * Might not get education if they have to look after child, or dont have enoug h money because they spend it on childcare Childcare rebate helps * Jobs, Education and Training (JET) = useful to find work, study ETHNICITY/CULTURE * Ethnic families and friends might not support single pedigree so the parent doesnt get as much informal support * voice communication and cultural barriers limits access to community groups GENDER * Most are women so theres more support out there for women then men LOCATION Urban parents have more community resources childcare, schools, employments, adult education, support groups * Rural sole parents have more community support family and friends socioeconomic STATUS * High socioeconomic status own a home, private health insurance and education for children * Low socioeconomic status disadvantaged area, less recreational activities to save money, less informal support services Families in Crisis * Suffers from some kind of trauma physical, social, emotional, financial * Trauma disturbs their daily life * More demands than resource s * Due to natural disaster, death of family members, family breakdown, domestic violenc, alcohol/drug/ swordplay problems, downsizing (broke) Needs ACCESS TO SERVICES Informal family and friends * Centrelink payments if parent dies theres disaster paysments, also for widow allowance. If divorced family tax benefit, parenting payment, child-care benefit, maternity allowance. A lot for natural disaster. * Crisis from domestic violence domestic violence line for support. commission service for women, also works with women refuges. Domestic volence advocacy serive for fre support and legal advice, solicitors. * Family protection and family crisis services Relationships Australia gives counselling and assistance. DOCs child protection and family crisis service if child gets abused or is in danger, also helps families adapt to ocial/economic changes by giving financial support, affordable housing, clothing, emotional support * HOUSING assistance ACT 1996 gives funding to people to me et needs if they cant do it themselves, family can get money to access resources * Addiction problems alcoholic Anonymous, self-support for alcoholics that help each other and give hope * Smith Family, vinnies, Mission Australia, Centcare gives welfare support and counselling * A lot dont use these because they dont know or have too much vainglory, informal support is important to direct them there. * But these resources dont meet the demands EDUCATION * Important that crisis families doesnt disrupt childrens education * Their only normal aspect of life, focus on study can shift focus from problems * If crisis is from something emotional eg parent divorce, drug/gambling problem than child might have concentration problems. Principle should be notified so teachers are nicer and dont give them hard time at school. * School counsellor helps * Teachers/tutor can give extra help if they fall behind the school work EMPLOYMENT some still work, take leave or resign depends on crisis or ca n get leave or holiday if work lets for time to deal with crisis and come back after crisis gets better * eg bush sack up burns home take 6 weeks leave and get financial help * government helps if its really bad and they cant work or get help from employment assistance program * personal support programs helps people find work by helping them get over whats stopping them from working, give them access to drug or alcohol rehabilitation programs and counselling free program FINANCIAL SUPPORT * out of the blue(predicate) and sudden crisis means theyre not financially prepared * might need money if their broke or family member dies Centrelink gives Special Benefit payment for people broke due to reasons out of their control, DOCs considers their reasons and says if payment is minded(p) or not * Diaster Relief Payment short term help for victims of disaster, only if their house or source of income got damaged due to disaster * Exceptional Circumstances Relief Payments for famers in af fected areas that are fight HEALTH * Stress from crisis is bad for long term health * inveterate stress leads to heart disease, cancer, alcoholism, high blood pressure, ulcers, metnal affection * Physical/emotional health problems from crisis of abuse or addiction adult should remove themselves or remove the perpetrator HOUSING * Basic need might be at risk/jeopardy due to crisis e. g. * Have to move out due to domestic violence * Lose home due to fire/earthquake * Cant afford rent due to retrenchment They all need alternative housing or accommodation * The Supported Accommodation Assistance programs give money to community services that help people in crisis who need accommodation (both long term and emergency) and help them get back to independency and get their own home * Community services eg refuges, shelters, halfway houses * Charity organisations give money for housing needs or accommodation SECURITY AND SAFETY * Crisis threatens this important physical and emotional need * Eg violent homes harm physical need child with domestic violence need help alwas ill, low self-esteem, nightmares, disruptive at school, think its their fault.Need counselling and move family to somewhere safe * Death family can feel fear, anger, guilty, anxiety, stress might need professional help * Parent divorce insecurity because family structure changed, children need help from parents that family changed but theres still love, dont make child bring between parents and keep childs normal routines and discipline SELF-ESTEEM * Disturbed emotional well-being if family lost their home, life savings, family member * Might blame themselves or another family member gives guilt that reduces their self-esteem * Crisis might make them lose independence, security, sense of belonging family need each other and need to feel like they still have a good future and get it all back (independence etc) * vainglorious family members (eg addicts) still need love, professional help, informal supp ort, feel worthwhile and confident to get new job, move on with life etc SENSE OF IDENTITY Family unit might break down and those who leave lack identity * Some family gets closer and stronger sense of identity * The quicker they cross it, the less impact it has Factors affecting access to resources for families in crisis AGE * Age impacts ability eg young people who cant be independent if parents die, cant drive or sign contract for loan * Old people cant deal with crisis without help DISABILITY * Crisis resulting in disability changes family theyll need help/carer * Type of disability determines impact of education/employment EDUCATION * Need to know the government and community support available ETHNICITY/CULTURE * Might need help from translator at major hospitals * Language/cultural barrier less informal support Racism Sudanese family cant get a house to rent due to racist landlord GENDER * Women get help more and have better social support from family/friends LOCATION * Urban families more access to major hospitals, support groups, employment opportunities * RURAL community support SOCIOEONOMIC STATUS * Impacts wellbeing * racy private health insurance and hospitals instead of waiting list, holiday house if theres burns down but cant get government support due to high assets Socioeconomically disadvantaged * Lack sufficient income for basic needs (health services, food, housing, clothing) that the rest of society can afford * Hard to maintain adequate trite of living * Unemployed, rely on social security Poor due to disability, unwellness, living in outside(a) area so cant work and earn good income * Aged, sole parents, migrants, aborigines = at risk of being disadvantaged * Hard to break out of poverty cycle (poor parents raise kids to be poor in environment that doesnt foster education, or leave school for work, and get a low status/paying job, marry same social class) Needs ACCESS TO SERVICES * Cant afford expensive things like private health insu rance, specialist doctor care social activities like holidays, eating out, entertainment cars so rely on public transport own home or home so need low cost housing, maybe even telephone * Rely on * Department of Housing * Centrelink * Charity groups (Vinnies, Mission Australia, Smith Family) * Governments welfare sysyem EDUCATION Most leave school early due to money part time work, tire at school/cant keep with work because basic needs arent met poor results, difficulty learning, home isnt the learning environment * High priority because it gives them job with high income, so gov tries to keep them in school with Austudy payment (full time 25+ students), Youth Allowance for 16-24 y/o perusal and independent 15y/o. EMPLOYMENT * Unemployed because no education, skills * Unemployed people poorer than those dependent on centrelinK * Usually long term unemployment * Need help to find jobs so government tries using an early intervention strategy Persoanl Support program, Job Network prog rams, Literacy and Numeracy programs for people at risk of long term dependence * Centrelink has career counselling FINANCIAL SUPPORT Centrelink often not enough to meet rising cost of living * Youth Allowance 21 and under & unemployed * Newstart Allowance 21+ & unemployed enough money to find a job * Mature Age Allowance 60+ & unemployed, but too young for Age Pension * Only have just enough money for needs, cant save, need help from charity organisations, family, friends * Need help claiming benefits if they cant read/write * Credit victims because they take loans on credit cards to buy things they dont ed and end up in debt buy things due to advertising/marketing persuading them that society needs it to improve standard of living HEALTH * Poor health, more illnesses * Not a top priority under everything else Medicare Levy provides essential medical services but not all, cant afford private health insurance so end up on long waiting list at oublic hospital * Health Care Card if on centrelink = cheaper medicine * Health, household, educational, recreational, transport concessions from government HOUSING * Rent assistant and public housing * If they rent or buy a home and spend most of the money on that and only have enough for basic needs, wellbeing is damaged SECURITY AND SAFETY * Physically & financially unsafe and insecure * No income security * Poorly protected homes, insecure because they cant stay there if they cant afford rent/bills SELF-ESTEEM Poor people can feel undervalues, less dignity and chances to point their true potential, dont get the same things as society gets = low self-esteem, depressed & nervous about financial stress, cant provide for family = low self-esteem * Need to feel worthwhile members of society, and long-term help, charities help with physical, basic and also emotional needs in increase self worth and give positive state of mind SENSE OF IDENTITY * Poor, unemployed, bad home question sense of identity * Society looks down on them so they feel like failures that arent accepted. Strategies to overcome sense of failure needed, eg quit whats making them poor like gambing, drug problems, leave and use family/community support increase self worth, government department & community resources give direction and sense of hope Factors that affect access to resources for socioeconomically disadvantaged people AGE Age impacts centrelink payments that are age based and knowledge about accessing those payments & other support services DISABILITY * Disability limits education and hence high earning jobs EDUCATION * Youth Allowance helps them finish their studies * Private schools offer scholarships * Children leave school early for work and income ETHNICITY/CULTURE * Ethnic people know less about community resources to help their health, financial, employment, educational needs * Language and cultural barrier limits informal support GENDER * Women get less further education and employment due to gender role eg sole parents, chronically ill, cultural groups LOCATION Urban have less access to resources like welfare groups, employment support, public transport, hospitals * Rural community have more informal support SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS * Status causes disadvantages, overcome by youth allowance, rental assistance, health cares, free literacy and numeracy courses Chronically ill * Ill for an extended period of time, because its continuous or reoccurring * Can get more serious and fatal * Can impact physically, emotionally, intellectually, socially, spiritually * Eg asthma, arthritis, diabetes mental illness, hypertension, emphysema, hay fever, back and neck problems, irritable bowel syndrome NEEDS ACCESS TO SERVICES * Rely on health professionals (doctors, surgeons, etc) Some cant afford it, rely on public health system but theres long waiting period and lists * Might not get coverage straight away of even be desirable for it if they were already ill * Can use home health care, respite care centr elinks EDUCATION * Same right to education as everyone else, but might have more absences * Special provisions at school, uni, tafe * School at some childrens hospitals work sent to them * Education snug intellectual well-being, takes focus away from illness * Education about their illness makes them understand it more and control it, eg asthma avoids pollen EMPLOYMENT * Most work give sick leave with full pay, partial pay or no pay * Some can work from home * Might lose job if they over use their sick days * Hard to get another job with high absenteeism Some dont interfere with job cause they can be controlled, eg diabetes * Worksafe Australia makes safety standards to prevent injury and disease * Legally protected (SW Workers Compensation Act 1987) gives workers compensation if there ill from work FINANCIAL SUPPORT * Chronic illness needs costly ongoing medical treatment, Have to change home and hard to keep job financial burden * Temporary illness allowance for employed and si ck people, need medical certificate * Centrelink mobility allowance for people whose sickness prevents them using public transport * Government gives Medicare and Health Care Card to reduce financial burden HEALTH * Bad health might reduce their quality of life * Daily health affected by medication or treatments eg chemotherapy * Prevented or improved by control of diet and lifestyle choices HOUSING Financial burden might lower their housing standards have to live in a poor area, struggle * House might need help for the ill eg ramps, handrails to meet there needs * Need there own room especially for extra sleep SECURITY AND SAFETY * Have to feel secure and safe in whatever environment home or hospital * Positive and supportive environment if they feel depressed * Good communication with carer so they work together to reach common goal of better health * Need more love and support for their insecurity and impotence * Might change lifestyle for better health, eg diet and house change s eg handrails both to improve safety SELF ESTEEM Might get physical changes eg weight gain or loss, skin problems negatively change their body image and wellbeing, lose independence low self esteem. So they should be treated like their capable, important members of society so they dont feel useless and lonely SENSE OF IDENTITY * Depends on illness if it stops work, sport, social family life so they lose sense of identity * Can still manage illness and live life to the max FACTORS AFFECTING ACCESS TO RESOURCES FOR CHRONICALLY ILL AGE * Chronic illness more likely as you get older DISABLITY * Chronic illness can be with or made worse with disability like arthritis * They can get Disability Support Pension or Mobility Parking Scheme * Can use patient transport operated from ambulance service or get taxi allowance EDUCATION Need to know about their illness its treatment and medication, support groups, new research and treatment, through internet but can get wrong diagnosis * Internet increases access to social support, good if they dont leave the house ETHNICITY/CULTURE * Language and culture can be barrier to understanding info and getting treatment, so harder to get health resources in community of centrelink benefits GENDER * Women more confident in getting services like doctors/counselling LOCATION * Rural have less access to health resourcesmajor hospitals, support groups SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS * Impacts access to treatment and services * HIGH private health insurance and hospitals, can get surgery foreign instead of being on waiting list Cultural groups e. g. aborigine and Torres Strait Islander Culture impacts lifestyle diet, dress, language, social activities * Differs needs, wants, values, goals * Can be good but also draws lines and discrimination eg Aboriginals, Greeks, Italians, Lebanese Muslims, Tongans, Pacific Islanders, Judaic community, Asians, Sudanese * Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander members of the indigenous community, indigenous cor e first people NEEDS ACCESS TO SERVICES * Need services that have experience in dealing with different cultures interpreters at most government departments * Can learn new language at schools, community centres for immigrants * Cultural groups value spiritual programs in their own language * natural might be in remote area so hard to get support EDUCATION Need education to improve language skills for interaction with community, find and use resources, get qualifications to find employment * native have a greater risk of academic failure and dropping out of school, nee to learn about their customs duty and the available government funding provisions EMPLOYMENT * Employment means money, but cultural groups that come from overseas with overseas qualification or no qualification can find it hard to secure employment if they dont speak the same language as their work/clients FINANCIAL SUPPORT * Might need help to finish Centrelink paperwork * Abstudy for Indigenous people at school 14 +, makes them stay in school so they can get a job * Indigenous people need support to get affordable housing, basic needs government assistance provided HEALTH Different groups have different health issues Indigenous have diabetes, Jews have hereditary condition Tay Sachs disease * Indigenous have lower life expectancy because of their poor health care and nutrition need to improve health and education, government aims at this HOUSING * Cultural groups usually live closer together, so the similar culture gives sense of belonging and support. Language barriers with rest of community. * Aged usually live with family and dont want to move with nursing home because of cultural/language barrier * Indigenous = need support services to get affordable and safe living standards SECURITY AND SAFETY * Needed in community some groups are scared and scarred from history and experience of violence. Some might experience racism for their differences, which is protected by the Anti-Discrimination Act * Risky behaviour and balk measures = more and longer survival, better wellbeing SELF-ESTEEM * Pride in their culture, culture adds diversity to food, dance, music, costumes gives them self-esteem to belong in that group * More academic achievement, employment, increase in health and nutrition, helps with emotional and social wellbeing SENSE OF IDENTITY * Sense of identity in their heritage and traditions pride in culture brings sense of idenitity * Eg greek men brough up to be providers of families, New Zealanders have sporting pride, Fijians are devout Christians ig part of the identity * Indigenous = learning programs teach about their traditional customs FACOTS AFFECTING ACCESS TO RESOURCES FOR CULTURAL GROUPS AGE * Certain groups traditionally give more respect to the aged eg Indigenous, Japanese * Some need nursing homes that cater for their background, others forget English and only speak their original language so limits communication and understanding with family, frie nds * Indigenous = Abstudy is aged based DISABILITY * Some cultures get it more eg Sudanese get physical disabilities from their home country atrocities. Handital formal support for disabled Italians and their carers. Organisations for specific cultures in their community EDUCATION * For employment and income * Programs for education Multicultural community centres with employment and training programs * Saturday School of Community Languages for young people to learn and speak native language * Tutor at school and uni for Indigenous students ETHNICITY/CULTURE * Formal resources for groups to meet needs, eg schools, nursing homes, community centres, hospitals * Centrelink has multilingual publications in different languages, and call centres. Makes them understand and use services GENDER * Impacts roles and responsibilities, eg men are providers LOCATION * Cultural group lives close together and closer to community support. * Rural cultural people get socially isolated, especially w ith language barriers SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS * Varies with individuals Indigenous have lower due to low education and employment